… It’s the same with graphic design. Before the computer, we had specialized workers. Graphic designers functioned more as orchestra leaders. After the computer, people were doing all of their photo-manipulations, typesetting, and prepress work themselves. It was a business model that was set up upon hope: a designer designs something and hopes it has success. They keep overhead low by doing as much work themselves, in order to retain as much profit as they can. So designers had to learn all of these skills, but I think that we are at the point again where people are realizing that they can’t do it all, despite being told they had to. It’s incredibly difficult to do everything. Ben Kiel.